Under normal conditions sodium is the main determinant of plasma osmolality, and its homeostasis depends primarily on water balance. Statistical analysis in patients over 70 years carreroaguirre m. Once goals are clearly defined, the next step is to create formative assessments to chart students progress, and to guide the teachers actions as they work to support students learning. Formative assessment and nextgeneration assessment. Maier, 2010a oder formative leistungsbeurteilung z. In that book, nearly every author identified the primary goal of formative assessment as providing feedback to students and teachers about the targets for learning, where students are in relation to those targets, and what can be. Three european societies have developed a new clinical practice guideline on the diagnostic approach to and treatment of hyponatremia in adults, focusing on patientimportant outcomes. Sglt2 inhibitors for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes. Formative assessment dreht mithilfe digitaler tools diesen ansatz. An abnormally low plasma concentration of sodium ions. Student involvement is a fundamental principle underlying formative assessment heritage, 2010. Abstract hyponatremia is the commonest electrolyte disturbance encountered in the neurological and neurosurgicalintensive care units.
Formative assessment has been described as the journey, not the outcome wisdom, 2006, p. It is defined as a serum sodium 48 h, which is typically. Assessment of hyponatraemia differential diagnosis of. Guidelines and audit implementation network gain this audit was undertaken to ascertain the safety of the prescription and administration, recording and monitoring of intravenous iv fluids to children aged over 4 weeks and under16 years. Hyponatremia may be euvolemic, hypovolemic or hypervolemic. Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte derangement in the setting of the intensive care unit. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. New european guidelines address hyponatremia management. Key steps were identified from the literature of ways to involve students in the data process. When viewed in these terms, assessment can serve a dual purpose a summative assessment can provide. Students as the definitive source of formative assessment. Hyponatremia definition of hyponatremia by the free dictionary.
Hyponatraemia is a common finding in clinical practice and is estimated to occur in 15% of all hospital inpatients. Hyponatremia assessment findings flashcards quizlet. Hyponatremia in critically ill patients pubmed central pmc. In our study, the frequency of hyponatremia on icu admission was 34. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. The formative assessment for students and teachers fast. It can present with signs and symptoms mimicking a neurological disease and can. Ppt hiponatremia powerpoint presentation free to view.
Often formative and summative assessment are described as being distinct from each other. There is a constant tension between formative and summative assessment, methods that work well for one may not work well for the other gibbs, 1998, p. Particularlyclassroompro cessqualityandspecificteachingpracticeshavereceivedmuchattentionin empiricalresearchbaumertetal. Hyponatremia is an important and common clinical problem. New aspects in the pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of hyponatremic encephalopathy in children. Hyponatremia is defined as a decrease in the serum sodium concentration to a level below 6 mmol per liter. Treatment varies with the nature of onset acute or chronic, severity and symptoms. Feb 03, 2020 hiponatremia information by, including hiponatremia advice en espanol. Data sources include ibm watson micromedex updated 10 apr 2020, cerner multum updated 6. The nonhypotonic hyponatremias are hypertonic or translocational hyponatremia, isotonic hyponatremia, and pseudohyponatremia. Black and wiliam 1998 talk in terms of both the formative functions and summative functions of assessment. Avaliacao da hiponatremia referencias bmj best practice. Alterations in plasma osmolality are related to changes in cell volume, which are the pathophysiological substrate of serious diseases. To cite this article bennett, randy elliot2011 formative assessment.
Hiponatremia aftercare instructions care guide information. Clinical assessment findings for hyponatremia learn with flashcards, games, and more for free. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that. This paper explores formative assessment, a process intended to yield information about.
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